Behavioral Design Patterns
Last Updated : 01 Nov, 2024
Behavioral design patterns are a category of design patterns that focus on the interactions and communication between objects. They help define how objects collaborate and distribute responsibility among them, making it easier to manage complex control flow and communication in a system.
Types of Behavioral Design Patterns
The Chain of Responsibility design pattern allows an object to pass a request along a chain of handlers. Each handler in the chain decides either to process the request or to pass it along the chain to the next handler. Below is when to use this method:
- Use them when your objects need to communicate in complicated ways.
- Choose them when you want to easily change how things behave while the program is running.
The Command Design Pattern turns a request into a stand-alone object called a command. With the help of this pattern, you can capture each component of a request, including the object that owns the method, the parameters for the method, and the method itself. Below is when to use this method:
- In order to separate the requester making the request (the sender) from the object executing it, use the Command Pattern.
- If you need to support undo and redo operations in your application, the Command Pattern is a good fit.
The Interpreter design pattern defines a way to interpret and evaluate language grammar or expressions. It provides a mechanism to evaluate sentences in a language by representing their grammar as a set of classes. Below is when to use this method:
- If you need to interpret and execute expressions or commands in a domain-specific language (DSL).
- If your application frequently requires the addition of new operations or commands.
Mediator Design Pattern defines an object that enacapsulates how a set of objects interact. Mediator promotes loose coupling by keeping objects from referring to each other explicity, and it vary from their interaction independently. Below is when to use this method:
- When your system involves a set of objects that need to communicate with each other in a complex manner
- When you need a centralized mechanism to coordinate and control the interactions between objects, ensuring a more organized and maintainable system.
The Memento design pattern is used to capture and restore an object’s internal state without violating encapsulation. It allows you to save and restore the state of an object to a previous state, providing the ability to undo or roll back changes made to the object. Below is when to use this method:
- When you need to save the state of an object at various points in time to support features like versioning or checkpoints.
- When you need to rollback changes to an object’s state in case of errors or exceptions, such as in database transactions.
Observer method or Observer design pattern also known as dependents and publish-subscribe. It define a one to many dependancy between objects so that when one objects so that when one object change state, all its dependents are notified and updated automatically. Below is when to use this method:
- When a change to one object requires changing others, and you don't know how many objects need to be changed.
- When an object should be able to notify other objects without making assumptions about who these objects are.
State method or State Design Pattern also known as objects for states, it allow an object to alter its behaviour when its internal state changes. Below is when to use this method:
- When conditional statements (if-else or switch-case) become extensive and complex within your object.
- If your object transitions between states frequently, the State pattern provides a clear mechanism for managing these transitions and their associated actions.
Strategy method or Strategy Design Pattern also known as Policy, it define a family of algorithm, encapsulate each one, and make them interchangeable. Strategy lets the algorithm vary independently from clients that use it. Below is when to use this method:
- When you have multiple algorithms that can be used interchangeably based on different contexts, such as sorting algorithms (bubble sort, merge sort, quick sort), searching algorithms, compression algorithms, etc.
- When you need to dynamically select and switch between different algorithms at runtime based on user preferences, configuration settings, or system states.
Template method or Template Design Pattern, it define the skeleton of an algorithm in an operation, deferring some steps to subclasses. Template Method lets subclasses redefine certain steps of an algorithm without changing the algorithm's structure. Below is when to use this method:
- If you have similar tasks or processes that need to be performed in different contexts.
- It’s beneficial when you want to enforce a specific structure or sequence of steps in an algorithm while allowing for flexibility in certain parts.
The Visitor design pattern allows you to add new operations to a group of related classes without modifying their structures. It is particularly useful when you have a stable set of classes but need to perform various operations on them, making it easy to extend functionality without altering the existing codebase. Below is when to use this method:
- When you have a set of related classes and need to perform different operations on them, the Visitor pattern allows you to add new operations without changing the classes.
- Use it when your object structure is unlikely to change frequently, but you anticipate needing to add new operations over time.
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