Statement and Argument - Logical Reasoning Questions and Answer
Last Updated : 17 Jun, 2025
Argument is a very important part of analytical reasoning, expressing different opinions for or against something. In competitive examinations, different types of questions are asked from this section in the form of inferences, assumptions, courses of action, syllogisms, etc. This is why argument is called the backbone of analytical reasoning.
In this section, we will cover the concept, types of statements and arguments, tips and tricks, and frequently asked questions. Read this article thoroughly to clear your doubts, as certain examples are also given.
Practice Quiz
Statement and Argument Quiz
What is a Statement and an Argument?
An argument is an opposing or supporting fact given against a statement.
In this type of question, certain statements are given which are concerned with an issue, followed by certain arguments in favour or against that statement.
Out of the following statements, we have to identify the correct arguments.
Generally, both the arguments are contrary to each other and those refer to positive and negative results of the action as mentioned in the statement issued.
Arguments can be of two types:
- Strong Argument: An argument is strong when it follows the exact theme as the statement given. The strong argument gives the practical or real aspect of the argument. It is backed up by the facts and reason depending upon the situation.
- Weak Argument: An argument is called weak if it does not follow the theme of the given statement and it does not address all the given points in the given statements. A weak argument is not related to the real aspects and may be related to a trivial aspect of the statement.
Types of statements and Arguments:
- Ambiguous-based arguments: In this type of weak argument, the question does not clarify how the argument is related to the action and what exactly the writer wants to say, therefore the arguments are weak in nature.
- Superfluous arguments: In this type of weak argument, arguments are superfluous and do not require a deep analysis of the statement.
- Question-back argument: In this type of weak argument, the argument consists of questions asked back by the arguer.
- Established acts: The argument of this type is strong and this is a type of established fact and usually true.
- Experience-based where results follow: Based on past experiences these are strong arguments.
- Prevailing notion of truth: In this type of strong argument, the arguments are universally accepted or true.
Solved Questions on Statement and Argument
Q. For the given statement, which of the following arguments are justified:
1. Statement: "The global economy is expected to face a slowdown next year."
Argument 1: "Governments should increase spending to stimulate the economy."
Argument 2: "Governments should reduce taxes to encourage consumer spending."
Answer:
Both Argument 1 and Argument 2 are plausible, but Argument 1 provides a more direct response to economic slowdowns.
Explanation: In times of economic slowdown, governments often use increased spending to stimulate demand and create jobs, which can counteract the downturn.
Argument 2 suggests reducing taxes to encourage consumer spending, which is also a valid approach but may take longer to have a noticeable effect compared to government spending, which can have more immediate impacts.
2. Statement: "Overuse of social media among teenagers is negatively impacting their mental health."
Argument 1: "Social media platforms should introduce age restrictions to protect young users."
Argument 2: "Teenagers should be given access to more social media tools for educational purposes."
Answer:
Argument 1 is more appropriate.
Explanation: The statement highlights the negative impact of social media on mental health, and Argument 1 proposes a reasonable solution by introducing age restrictions to protect vulnerable users, such as teenagers.
Argument 2 might contribute to improving educational outcomes, but it doesn't address the negative impact of overuse, which is the core issue raised in the statement.
3. Statement: "Many developing countries are facing a shortage of clean drinking water."
Argument 1: "The government should focus on building more water treatment plants."
Argument 2: "The government should focus on educating citizens about water conservation."
Answer:
Argument 1 is a more immediate solution, while Argument 2 addresses long-term sustainability.
Explanation: The statement addresses a shortage of clean drinking water. Argument 1 suggests building more treatment plants to provide clean water, which is a direct way to address the issue.
Argument 2 suggests educating citizens on water conservation, which is important for long-term water management but doesn't immediately solve the problem of water scarcity.
4. Statement: "Crime rates in urban areas are on the rise."
Argument 1: "More police presence and patrols should be implemented in high-crime areas."
Argument 2: "Urban development projects should be focused on creating more jobs and reducing poverty."
Answer:
Argument 2 is more effective in addressing the root cause.
Explanation: The statement links rising crime rates to urban areas, and Argument 2 addresses the root cause of crime: poverty and lack of opportunity. By improving job prospects, poverty can be reduced, which can ultimately lead to a decrease in crime.
Argument 1 addresses the symptoms of crime, but increasing police presence may not be as effective if the underlying issues of poverty and unemployment are not addressed.
5. Statement: "People are spending too much time on smartphones."
Argument 1: "We should design smartphones that encourage less screen time."
Argument 2: "People should practice self-discipline and limit their smartphone use."
Answer:
Argument 2 is a more practical long-term solution.
Explanation: While Argument 1 offers a technological solution, Argument 2 emphasizes individual responsibility, which is a more sustainable way to limit smartphone use.
Tips and Tricks for Statement and Argument-based questions :
Tip 1: Understand the theme of the statement, and do proper screening before reaching the conclusion to answer the question.
Tip 2: Check for arguments that are not absurd or harmful in case of a strong argument.
Tip 3: Arguments can be accepted or rejected based on ambiguity.
Practice Questions on Statement and Argument
1. Statement: "The air quality in cities has been deteriorating."
Argument 1: "We should reduce emissions from factories to improve air quality."
Argument 2: "We should encourage the use of air purifiers in homes."
2. Statement: "Many people are not recycling their waste properly."
Argument 1: "The government should enforce recycling regulations."
Argument 2: "People should be educated on the importance of recycling."
3. Statement: "There is an increasing demand for renewable energy sources."
Argument 1: "Governments should offer incentives to companies that invest in renewable energy technologies."
Argument 2: "The government should impose higher taxes on fossil fuels to make renewable energy more competitive."
4. Statement: "Traffic congestion is a growing issue in urban areas."
Argument 1: "Governments should invest in public transport infrastructure to reduce car usage."
Argument 2: "Governments should build more roads and highways to reduce congestion."
5. Statement: "The use of single-use plastics is damaging the environment."
Argument 1: "Governments should ban single-use plastics to reduce environmental harm."
Argument 2: "Manufacturers should be encouraged to produce biodegradable alternatives to single-use plastics."
6. Statement: "Obesity rates are increasing globally."
Argument 1: "Governments should regulate the marketing of unhealthy foods."
Argument 2: "Schools should provide healthier meal options."
7. Statement: "There is a growing concern over the lack of affordable housing."
Argument 1: "The government should build more affordable housing units to meet the growing demand."
Argument 2: "Rent controls should be implemented to keep housing affordable for lower-income families."
8. Statement: "Many children are not getting enough physical activity."
Argument 1: "Schools should incorporate more physical activities and sports into the curriculum."
Argument 2: "Parents should encourage their children to participate in outdoor activities outside of school."
Answer Key:
- Argument 1
- Argument 1
- Argument 2
- Neither follows
- Both follows
- Argument 1
- Neither follows
- Argument 1
What is statement and argument reasoning?
Ans. In this type of question statement is given is followed by certain arguments one or two in number, one type of argument is strong and another is a weak argument. Candidates have to evaluate strong statements.
Which type of exams it is asked?
Ans. It is asked in government exams as already discussed in this article.
How to solve these types of questions?
Ans. To solve these types of questions tips and tricks are given in the article.
Where I shall find sample questions and Answers?
Ans. We have discussed a practice set on this topic in the next section.
What are the types of questions in this section?
Ans. Refer article for these types of statements.
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