Save multiple matplotlib figures in single PDF file using Python

Last Updated : 28 Apr, 2025

In this article, we will discuss how to save multiple matplotlib figures in a single PDF file using Python. We can use the PdfPages class's savefig() method to save multiple plots in a single pdf. Matplotlib plots can simply be saved as PDF files with the .pdf extension. This saves Matplotlib-generated figures in a single PDF file named Save multiple plots as PDF.pdf in the current working directory.

Installation

pip install matplotlib

Stepwise Implementation

To come up with a solution, we will follow a few steps.

Step 1: Import necessary files.

Python3

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt from matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf import PdfPages

Step 2: Set up the figure size and adjust the padding between and around the subplots.

Python3

plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.00, 3.50] plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True

Step 3: We will consider 3 plots, so let's name them fig1, fig2, and fig3 using plt.figure().

Python3

fig1 = plt.figure() fig2 = plt.figure() Fig3 = plt.figure()

Step 4: Plot the first line using the plt.plot() method.

Python3

plt.plot([17, 45, 7, 8, 7], color='orange') plt.plot([13, 25, 1, 6, 3], color='blue') plt.plot([22, 11, 2, 1, 23], color='green')

Step 5: Create a function to save multiple images in a PDF file let's say save_image().

Python3

def save_image(filename):        # PdfPages is a wrapper around pdf      # file so there is no clash and     # create files with no error.     p = PdfPages(filename)          # get_fignums Return list of existing     # figure numbers     fig_nums = plt.get_fignums()       figs = [plt.figure(n) for n in fig_nums]          # iterating over the numbers in list     for fig in figs:                 # and saving the files         fig.savefig(p, format='pdf')               # close the object     p.close()

Complete Code

Python3

import matplotlib from matplotlib import pyplot as plt from matplotlib.backends.backend_pdf import PdfPages  # customizing runtime configuration stored # in matplotlib.rcParams plt.rcParams["figure.figsize"] = [7.00, 3.50] plt.rcParams["figure.autolayout"] = True  fig1 = plt.figure() plt.plot([17, 45, 7, 8, 7], color='orange')  fig2 = plt.figure() plt.plot([13, 25, 1, 6, 3], color='blue')  Fig3 = plt.figure() plt.plot([22, 11, 2, 1, 23], color='green')   def save_image(filename):        # PdfPages is a wrapper around pdf      # file so there is no clash and create     # files with no error.     p = PdfPages(filename)          # get_fignums Return list of existing      # figure numbers     fig_nums = plt.get_fignums()       figs = [plt.figure(n) for n in fig_nums]          # iterating over the numbers in list     for fig in figs:                 # and saving the files         fig.savefig(p, format='pdf')           # close the object     p.close()    # name your Pdf file filename = "multi_plot_image.pdf"    # call the function save_image(filename)

Output:

Now after you run the code you can see on your local directory that a pdf containing all three plots will be saved in a pdf named "multi_plot_image.pdf".