Genetics and Evolution

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Question 1

What is the basic unit of heredity?

  • Protein

  • Gene

  • Chromosome

  • Trait

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Question 2

What does the term “evolution” refer to?

  • Change in a species’ size

  • Change in an organism’s appearance

  • Change in the genetic makeup of a population over time

  • Change in an organism’s habitat

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Question 3

What is the process by which organisms with favourable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce?

  • Genetic drift

  • Natural selection

  • Mutation

  • Gene flow

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Question 4

Which of the following is a result of a genetic mutation?

  • A change in an organism’s environment

  • A change in an organism’s genetic sequence

  • A decrease in the number of offspring

  • An increase in genetic variation between species

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Question 5

Which scientist is most associated with the theory of evolution through natural selection?

  • Gregor Mendel

  • Charles Darwin

  • Louis Pasteur

  • Alfred Wallace

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Question 6

What is the purpose of meiosis in organisms?

  • To create identical cells for growth

  • To produce gametes with half the genetic material

  • To replicate the DNA of cells

  • To increase mutation rates

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Question 7

What is genetic drift?

  • Evolution due to random mutations

  • Evolution due to selective breeding

  • Random changes in allele frequencies in a population

  • The migration of genes between populations

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Question 8

What does the term "survival of the fittest" mean in the context of evolution?

  • The strongest organisms survive

  • The organisms that can reproduce the most survive

  • The organisms best adapted to their environment survive

  • Only the fastest organisms survive

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Question 9

What is the role of DNA in inheritance?

  • DNA determines an organism’s physical appearance only

  • DNA carries genetic information that is passed from parent to offspring

  • DNA controls the behaviour of organisms

  • DNA determines the lifespan of organisms

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Question 10

What is a phenotype?

  • The genetic makeup of an organism

  • The observable traits or characteristics of an organism

  • The process of genetic mutation

  • The type of alleles present in an organism's DNA

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Tags:
Biology

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