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Print first n distinct permutations of string using itertools in Python

Python | Permutation of a given string using inbuilt function

Last Updated : 30 Dec, 2024

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The task is to generate all the possible permutations of a given string. A permutation of a string is a rearrangement of its characters. For example, the permutations of “ABC” are “ABC”, “ACB”, “BAC”, “BCA”, “CAB”, and “CBA”. The number of permutations of a string with n unique characters is n! (factorial of n).

We can generate permutations of a string in Python using methods like inbuilt functions and recursion.

Using itertools.permutations

itertools module in Python provides a simple function called permutations that can generate all possible permutations of a string. This method is the easiest and most efficient, especially when working with built-in Python libraries.

Python

import itertools s = "GFG" li = [''.join(p) for p in itertools.permutations(s)] print(li)

Explanation:

itertools.permutations(s) generates all possible permutations of the string s, returning each permutation as a tuple.
”.join(p) converts each tuple p into a string by concatenating its elements.
list comprehension collects all the joined strings (permutations) into a list.

Using Recursion

Recursion is a method where a function calls itself to solve smaller parts of a problem. In the case of generating permutations, we can break down the problem by selecting one character at a time and recursively permuting the rest of the string. This approach is a bit more complex than using itertools.permutations, but it can be useful if we want more control over the process.

Python

def permute(s, s2):     if len(s) == 0:         print(s2, end=' ')         return          for i in range(len(s)):         char = s[i]         left_s = s[0:i]         right_s = s[i+1:]         rest = left_s + right_s         permute(rest, s2 + char)  s1 = "GFG" s2 = "" permute(s1, s2)

Output

GFG GGF FGG FGG GGF GFG

Explanation:

If the string s is empty, print the accumulated answer.
For each character in s, remove the character and recursively permute the remaining characters while adding the character to answer.
Call permute(s, answer) with the initial string and an empty answer to start generating permutations.

Print first n distinct permutations of string using itertools in Python

S

Shashank Mishra

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Article Tags :

DSA
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Python string-programs
Python-Built-in-functions
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