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PLSQL | LPAD Function
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PLSQL | LOG Function

Last Updated : 25 Oct, 2019
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The PLSQL LOG function is used for returning the logarithm of n base m. The LOG function accepts two parameters which are used to calculate the logarithmic value. The LOG function returns a value of the numeric data type.

This function takes as an argument any numeric data type as well as any non-numeric data type that can be implicitly converted to a numeric data type. If in any case, the argument is BINARY_FLOAT or BINARY_DOUBLE, then the LOG function returns BINARY_DOUBLE, otherwise it returns number.

Syntax:

LOG( m, n )

Parameters Used:

m – It is used to specify the base number. It should be any positive numeric value except 0 and 1.

n – It is used to specify the number whose logarithmic value needs to be calculated with a specific base. It should be a positive numeric value.

Return Value:
The LOG function in PLSQL returns a numeric value.

Supported Versions of Oracle/PLSQL:

  1. Oracle 12c
  2. Oracle 11g
  3. Oracle 10g
  4. Oracle 9i
  5. Oracle 8i

Example-1: Using positive numeric values as arguments in the LOG function.

DECLARE      Test_Number1 number := 9;     Test_Number2 number := 3;       BEGIN      dbms_output.put_line(LOG(Test_Number1,                               Test_Number2));        END;

Output:

0.5

Example-2: Using positive numeric values as arguments in the LOG function.

DECLARE      Test_Number1 number := 3;     Test_Number2 number := 9;       BEGIN      dbms_output.put_line(LOG(Test_Number1,                               Test_Number2));        END;

Output:

2

Example-3: Using same positive numeric values in both the arguments in the LOG function.

DECLARE      Test_Number1 number := 3;     Test_Number2 number := 3;       BEGIN      dbms_output.put_line(LOG(Test_Number1,                               Test_Number2));        END;

Output:

1

Example-4: Using zero in the base value argument in the LOG function.

DECLARE      Test_Number1 number := 0;     Test_Number2 number := 3;       BEGIN      dbms_output.put_line(LOG(Test_Number1,                               Test_Number2));        END;

Output:

numeric or value error

The above example throws error because the LOG function doesn’t except 0 and 1 as base values in the argument.

Example-5: Using LOG function with select query.

SELECT LOG(2, 8) "Log base 2 of 8" FROM DUAL;

Output:

3

Advantages:
The LOG function accepts any numeric datatype as well as any non-numeric datatype as an argument that can be implicitly converted to a numeric datatype.



Next Article
PLSQL | LPAD Function

S
Shubrodeep Banerjee
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Article Tags :
  • SQL
  • SQL-PL/SQL

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