Perl | String functions (length, lc, uc, index, rindex)

Last Updated : 26 Jun, 2019

String in Perl is a sequence of character enclosed within some kinds of quotation marks. Perl string can contain UNICODE, ASCII and escape sequence characters. Perl provides the various function to manipulate the string like any other programming language. Some string functions of Perl are as follows:

length()
lc()
uc()
index()
rindex()

length(): This function is used to find the number of characters in a string. This function returns the length of the string. Below are the programs to illustrate this method.

Example 1:

# Perl program to demonstrate

# string length function

# string

my $s = "geeksforgeeks";

# using length function &

# displaying length

print(length($s),"\n");
Output:
```
  13  
```
Example 2:

# Perl program to demonstrate

# string length function



# string

my $s = "#$%HeLLo CSHARP &+#*";



# using length function &

# displaying length

print(length($s),"\n");
Output:
```
  19  
```

lc(): This function return the lower case version of a string. Below are the programs to illustrate this method.

Example 1:

   # Perl program to demonstrate  
# string lc function 
  
# string 
my $s = "GEEKSFORGEEKS\n"; 
  
# using lc function & 
# displaying result 
print("To lower case: "); 
print(lc($s),"\n"); 
 
  

Output:

  To lower case: geeksforgeeks

Example 2:

# Perl program to demonstrate

# string lc function

# string

my $s = "GEEKS\n";

# using lc function &

# displaying result

print("To lower case: ");

print(lc($s),"\n");
Output:
```
  To lower case: geeks  
```

uc(): This function return the upper case version of a string. Below are the programs to illustrate this method.

Example 1:

   # Perl program to demonstrate  
# string uc function 
  
# string 
my $s = "geeksforgeeks"; 
  
# using uc function & 
# displaying result 
print("To Upper Case: "); 
print(uc($s),"\n"); 
 
  

Output:

  To Upper Case: GEEKSFORGEEKS

Example 2:

# Perl program to demonstrate

# string uc function

# string

my $s = "GeekS\n";

# using uc function &

# displaying result

print("To Upper Case: ");

print(uc($s),"\n");
Output:
```
  To Upper Case: GEEKS  
```

index(): This method will search a substring from a specified position in a string and returns the position of the first occurrence of the substring in the string. If the position is omitted, it will search from the beginning of the string. This method will take the two parameters i.e. the original string and the substring that has to be searched.

Example :

   # Perl Program to illustrate  
# the index() function 
  
# !/usr/bin/perl 
use warnings; 
use strict; 
  
# string 
my $st = "GeeksforGeeks\n"; 
  
# substring 
my $subs = "for"; 
  
# using index function 
my $r = index($st, $subs); 
  
# displaying result 
print(qq\The substring $subs found at position $r in string $st\); 
 
  

Output:

  The substring for found at position 5 in string GeeksforGeeks

rindex() This function is same as index() except it returns the last occurrence of text in a string. Also, a third parameter can be given which returns position before or at that location. It searches from the end of the string instead of from the beginning. Below are the programs to illustrate this method.

Example 1:

   # Perl Program to illustrate  
# the rindex() function 
  
# !/usr/bin/perl 
use warnings; 
use strict; 
  
# string 
my $st = "GeeksforGeeks\n"; 
  
# substring 
my $subs = "for"; 
  
# using rindex function 
my $r = rindex($st, $subs); 
  
# displaying result 
print(qq\The substring $subs found at position $r in string $st\); 
 
  

Output:

  The substring for found at position 5 in string GeeksforGeeks

Example 2:

   # Perl Program to illustrate  
# the rindex() function with  
# three parameters 
  
# !/usr/bin/perl 
  
# using rindex() function  
$p = rindex("GeeksForGFGGeeksgeeksforGFG", "GFG"); 
  
print "Founded position of GFG $p\n"; 
  
# Use the first position found  
# as the offset to the next search. 
# The length of the target string 
# is subtracted from the offset  
# to save time. 
$p = rindex("GeeksForGFGGeeksgeeksforGFG", "GFG", $p-7); 
print "Founded position of GFG $p\n"; 
 
  

Output:

  Founded position of GFG 24  Founded position of GFG 8

Object Oriented Programming (OOPs) in Perl

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Perl | String functions (length, lc, uc, index, rindex)

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