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JavaScript - How To Get The Last Caracter of a String?

Last Updated : 26 Nov, 2024

Here are the various approaches to get the last character of a String using JavaScript.

1. Using charAt() Method (Most Common)

The charAt() method retrieves the character at a specified index in a string. To get the last character, you pass the index str.length - 1.

JavaScript

const s = "JavaScript"; const lChar = s.charAt(s.length - 1); console.log(lChar);

Output

s.length - 1 calculates the index of the last character.
s.charAt(index) retrieves the character at the specified index.

2. Using slice() Method

The slice() method extracts a portion of the string. By passing -1 as an argument, you can extract the last character.

JavaScript

const s = "JavaScript"; const lChar = s.slice(-1); console.log(lChar);

Output

A negative index in slice() counts from the end of the string.
s.slice(-1) extracts the last character.

3. Using substr() Method

The substr() method extracts a substring starting from a specified position. Although deprecated, it's still supported in most environments.

JavaScript

const s = "JavaScript"; const lChar = s.substr(s.length - 1, 1); console.log(lChar);

Output

The first parameter specifies the starting index.
The second parameter specifies the number of characters to extract.

4. Using String Length for Index

You can directly use the length property of a string to access the last character by treating the string as an array-like object.

JavaScript

const s = "JavaScript"; const lChar = s[s.length - 1]; console.log(lChar);

Output

Strings are array-like, so you can use bracket notation to access individual characters.
s[s.length - 1] directly retrieves the last character.

5. Using String.at() Method

The at() method retrieves a character at a specified index, including support for negative indices.

JavaScript

const s = "JavaScript"; const lChar = s.at(-1); console.log(lChar);

Output

s.at(-1) retrieves the last character using a negative index, making it a convenient and modern approach.

6. Using match() Method with Regular Expressions

The match() method combined with a regular expression can extract the last character of a string.

JavaScript

const s = "JavaScript"; const lChar = s.match(/.$/)[0]; console.log(lChar);

Output

/.$/ is a regex pattern that matches the last character of the string (. matches any character, and $ asserts the end of the string).
match() returns an array of matches, and [0] retrieves the matched character.

7. Using Array.prototype.pop() Method

By splitting the string into an array, you can use the pop() method to retrieve and remove the last character.

JavaScript

const s = "JavaScript"; const lChar = s.split("").pop(); console.log(lChar);

Output

s.split("") splits the string into an array of characters.
pop() removes and returns the last element of the array.

Comparison of Methods

Method	Use Case	Complexity
`charAt()`	Simple and widely supported, works well for most cases.	O(1)
`slice()`	Ideal for clean extraction using negative indices.	O(n) (creates substring)
`subStr()`	Deprecated, but still functional in most environments.	O(n)
String Length	Most direct and efficient way using array-like indexing.	O(1)
at()	Modern, clean approach with support for negative indices.	O(1)
match()	Useful for advanced pattern matching scenarios.	O(n)
pop(	Requires splitting the string, suitable for array logic.	O(n)

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