Inventory Management System in Java

Last Updated : 09 Jun, 2025

An inventory management system is very important for businesses to keep track of their stocks, manage orders, and maintain an accurate record. With the help of this project, the user can add, remove, and view items in the inventory. Also beginners can learn important concepts like classes, generics, and handling user input.

In this article, we are going to build a simple inventory management system in Java. This system helps us perform important tasks like adding, removing, and viewing items in the inventory. The implementation will be divided into multiple classes for better code organization and understanding.

Working of the Inventory System

Here is how the inventory management system is going to work:

The user can add items by giving details like item name, quantity, and price.
The user can remove items from the inventory by telling the item's name.
The user can also view all items in the inventory.
The system displays the inventory status after each operation.

Project Structure

The image below demonstrates the project structure.

We will organize the code into these parts which are listed below:

Item Class: This class represents an item with all the attributes like name, quantity and price.
Inventory Class: This class handles all the inventory operations like adding, removing and viewing items.
InventorySystem Class: This is the main class that runs the system and takes input from the user.

Let's now try to implement the code.

Java Inventory Management System Project Implementation

1. Item Class

This class represents all the inventory item. It includes attributes like name, quantity and price of the item.

Item.java:

Java

package com.inventory;  public class Item {     private String name;     private int quantity;     private double price;      // Constructor     public Item(String name, int quantity, double price) {         this.name = name;         this.quantity = quantity;         this.price = price;     }      // Getter and setter methods     public String getName() {         return name;     }      public void setName(String name) {         this.name = name;     }      public int getQuantity() {         return quantity;     }      public void setQuantity(int quantity) {         this.quantity = quantity;     }      public double getPrice() {         return price;     }      public void setPrice(double price) {         this.price = price;     }      @Override     public String toString() {         return "Item{name='" + name + "', quantity=" + quantity + ", price=" + price + "}";     } }

2. Inventory Class

This class manages the list of items in the inventory. It allows us to add, remove and view items.

Inventory.java:

Java

package com.inventory;  import java.util.*;  public class Inventory<T> {     private List<T> items;      public Inventory() {         items = new ArrayList<>();     }      // Add an item to the inventory     public void addItem(T item) {         try {             items.add(item);             System.out.println("Item added successfully: " + item);         } catch (Exception e) {             System.out.println("Error adding item: " + e.getMessage());         }     }      // Remove an item from the inventory     public void removeItem(T item) {         try {             if (!items.contains(item)) {                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("Item not found in inventory.");             }             items.remove(item);             System.out.println("Item removed successfully: " + item);         } catch (Exception e) {             System.out.println("Error removing item: " + e.getMessage());         }     }      // View all items in the inventory     public void viewItems() {         if (items.isEmpty()) {             System.out.println("Inventory is empty.");         } else {             System.out.println("Inventory items:");             for (T item : items) {                 System.out.println(item);             }         }     }      // Getter method for items     public List<T> getItems() {         return items;     } }

3. InventorySystem

This class is the entry point of the application. The main task of this class is to interact with the user, take inputs and perform actions like adding, removing, and viewing items in the inventory.

InventorySystem.java:

Java

package com.inventory;  import java.util.Scanner;  public class InventorySystem {     public static void main(String[] args) {         Inventory<Item> inventory = new Inventory<>();          Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);         boolean exit = false;          while (!exit) {             System.out.println("\nInventory System");             System.out.println("1. Add item");             System.out.println("2. Remove item");             System.out.println("3. View items");             System.out.println("4. Exit");             System.out.print("Enter your choice: ");             int choice = scanner.nextInt();             scanner.nextLine();  // consume the newline              switch (choice) {                 case 1:                     // Add an item                     System.out.print("Enter item name: ");                     String name = scanner.nextLine();                     System.out.print("Enter item quantity: ");                     int quantity = scanner.nextInt();                     System.out.print("Enter item price: ");                     double price = scanner.nextDouble();                     scanner.nextLine();  // consume the newline                      Item newItem = new Item(name, quantity, price);                     inventory.addItem(newItem);                     break;                  case 2:                     // Remove an item                     System.out.print("Enter item name to remove: ");                     String itemNameToRemove = scanner.nextLine();                     Item itemToRemove = null;                      // Search for the item using the getter method for items                     for (Item item : inventory.getItems()) {                         if (item.getName().equalsIgnoreCase(itemNameToRemove)) {                             itemToRemove = item;                             break;                         }                     }                      if (itemToRemove != null) {                         inventory.removeItem(itemToRemove);                     } else {                         System.out.println("Item not found in inventory.");                     }                     break;                  case 3:                     // View items                     inventory.viewItems();                     break;                  case 4:                     // Exit                     exit = true;                     System.out.println("Exiting Inventory System.");                     break;                  default:                     System.out.println("Invalid choice. Please try again.");             }         }          scanner.close();     } }

Output:

How to Run the Project in IntelliJ IDEA?

To run the project on IntelliJ IDEA we just need to follow these steps which are listed below:

Open IntelliJ IDEA and create a new Java project.
Start creating the packages and the structure must be look like this:
- Item.java
- Inventory.java
- InventorySystem.java
Create the classes in the correct packages
Save all the files.
Run the main class