How to Make a Floating Window Application in Android?
Last Updated : 04 May, 2025
Well, on our desktop computers we can easily restore down windows, do something in the background, and maximize the window whenever we want. But we don't see this feature in android apps that much. Nowadays we can see android is offering Split Screen, but that's a feature provided by OS, not the app's individual feature. Let's make an app that can minimize and maximize itself on just a button click. This feature can help users, in a lot of ways. Suppose you are reading some pdf document with some mathematical calculations and then a minimized calculator over the pdf viewer app will be very helpful. There are a lot of apps that use this feature like Clipboard, MI Calculator, and many more. Here's a demo of the final app of this article. Note that we are going to implement this project using the Java & Kotlin language.
Step by Step Implementation
Step 1: Create a New Project
To create a new project in Android Studio please refer to How to Create/Start a New Project in Android Studio.
Step 2: Add permission in manifest file
Navigate to app > manifests > AndroidManifest.xml and add the following permission
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW" />
Step 3: Create an object class
Navigate to app > java > {package-name}, right click on the folder and select, New > Java/Kotlin Class/File and name it as Common. Create two public String variables, one is currentDesc and another is savedDesc. Both are initiated with empty Strings.
Common.java package org.geeksforgeeks.demo; public class Common { // The EditText String will be // stored in this variable // when MINIMIZE or MAXIMIZE // button is pressed public static String currentDesc = ""; // The EditText String will be // stored in this variable // when SAVE button is pressed public static String savedDesc = ""; } package org.geeksforgeeks.demo object Common { // The EditText String will be // stored in this variable // when MINIMIZE or MAXIMIZE // button is pressed var currentDesc: String = "" // The EditText String will be // stored in this variable // when SAVE button is pressed var savedDesc: String = "" }
Step 4: Working with layouts
Create a new layout and name it as floating_layout.xml and navigate to activity_main.xml and add the following code in the two files.
activity_main.xml <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@android:color/white" android:orientation="vertical" android:gravity="center" tools:context=".MainActivity"> <Button android:id="@+id/buttonMinimize" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Minimize" android:textSize="24sp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/titleText" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:text="GeeksforGeeks" android:textSize="32sp" android:textStyle="bold" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/descEditText" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="350dp" android:gravity="start" android:hint="Description" android:padding="16dp" android:textColor="@color/black" android:textSize="24sp" /> <Button android:id="@+id/saveBtn" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="Save" android:textColor="@android:color/white" android:textSize="24sp" /> </LinearLayout>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:background="@color/white" android:orientation="vertical" android:gravity="center"> <Button android:id="@+id/buttonMaximize" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAllCaps="false" android:text="Maximize" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/titleText" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:gravity="center" android:text="GeeksforGeeks" android:textSize="24sp" android:textStyle="bold" /> <EditText android:id="@+id/descEditText" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="250dp" android:gravity="start" android:hint="Description" android:textColor="@color/black" /> <Button android:id="@+id/saveBtn" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAllCaps="false" android:text="Save" /> </LinearLayout>
Design UI:
Step 5: Create a new Service
Create a new Java or Kotlin class file with the name FloatingWindowService and add the following code. Now as this class is inherited from the Service class, then this class can be used as a service in the Manifest file. So in the AndroidManifest.xml add this line after the activity block and before the application block ends.
<service android:name=”.FloatingWindowService”/>
FloatingWindowService.java package org.geeksforgeeks.demo; import android.annotation.SuppressLint; import android.app.Service; import android.content.Intent; import android.graphics.PixelFormat; import android.os.IBinder; import android.text.Editable; import android.text.TextWatcher; import android.view.Gravity; import android.view.LayoutInflater; import android.view.MotionEvent; import android.view.View; import android.view.ViewGroup; import android.view.WindowManager; import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; public class FloatingWindowService extends Service { // Declare variables for views and WindowManager private ViewGroup floatView; private WindowManager.LayoutParams floatWindowLayoutParam; private WindowManager windowManager; private Button maximizeBtn; private EditText descEditArea; private Button saveBtn; // This method is required but not used in this Service @Override public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) { return null; } // Service is created @SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility") @Override public void onCreate() { super.onCreate(); // Get screen width and height in pixels float width = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels; float height = getResources().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels; // Get the WindowManager system service for handling windows on the screen windowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE); // Inflate the floating window layout using the LayoutInflater system service LayoutInflater inflater = (LayoutInflater) getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE); floatView = (ViewGroup) inflater.inflate(R.layout.floating_layout, null); // Initialize the views from the layout file maximizeBtn = floatView.findViewById(R.id.buttonMaximize); descEditArea = floatView.findViewById(R.id.descEditText); saveBtn = floatView.findViewById(R.id.saveBtn); // Set the initial text in the EditText and place the cursor at the end descEditArea.setText(Common.currentDesc); descEditArea.setSelection(descEditArea.getText().length()); // Hide the cursor initially descEditArea.setCursorVisible(false); // Set up the parameters for the floating window (size, position, etc.) floatWindowLayoutParam = new WindowManager.LayoutParams( // Set width to 60% of screen width (int) (width * 0.6f), // Set height to 50% of screen height (int) (height * 0.5f), // Type for overlay window WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY, // Make it not focusable WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE, // Set transparent background for the window PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT ); floatWindowLayoutParam.gravity = Gravity.CENTER; floatWindowLayoutParam.x = 0; floatWindowLayoutParam.y = 0; // Add the floating view to the window using the WindowManager windowManager.addView(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam); // Set up a listener for the maximize button to stop the service and navigate to MainActivity maximizeBtn.setOnClickListener(view -> { stopSelf(); // Stop the service windowManager.removeView(floatView); // Remove the floating window Intent backToHome = new Intent(this, MainActivity.class); backToHome.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK); startActivity(backToHome); }); // Set up a TextWatcher to update the current description when the text changes descEditArea.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() { @Override public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence charSequence, int start, int count, int after) {} @Override public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) { // Update the current description with the text in the EditText Common.currentDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString(); } @Override public void afterTextChanged(Editable editable) {} }); // Set up the touch listener for the floating window to allow dragging it around setupFloatingWindowMovement(); // Set up a listener for the EditText to make the cursor visible when clicked descEditArea.setOnTouchListener((v, event) -> { descEditArea.setCursorVisible(true); // Make the cursor visible when touched floatWindowLayoutParam.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL | WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN; windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam); // Update the layout return false; }); // Set up a listener for the save button to save the text and hide the soft keyboard saveBtn.setOnClickListener(view -> { // Save the text in the EditText to the Common object Common.savedDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString(); // Hide the cursor after saving descEditArea.setCursorVisible(false); // Make the window non-interactive floatWindowLayoutParam.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE; windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam); InputMethodManager inputMethodManager = (InputMethodManager) getSystemService(INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE); inputMethodManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(floatView.getWindowToken(), 0); Toast.makeText(this, "Text Saved!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); }); } // This method is responsible for handling the movement of the floating window @SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility") private void setupFloatingWindowMovement() { double initialX = 0.0; double initialY = 0.0; double initialTouchX = 0.0; double initialTouchY = 0.0; // Set a touch listener to detect dragging floatView.setOnTouchListener((view, event) -> { switch (event.getAction()) { case MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN: // Record the initial position and touch points when the touch starts initialX = floatWindowLayoutParam.x; initialY = floatWindowLayoutParam.y; initialTouchX = event.getRawX(); initialTouchY = event.getRawY(); break; case MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE: // Calculate the new position of the window based on the movement of the touch floatWindowLayoutParam.x = (int) ((initialX + event.getRawX()) - initialTouchX); floatWindowLayoutParam.y = (int) ((initialY + event.getRawY()) - initialTouchY); // Update the layout windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam); break; } return false; }); } // This method is called when the service is destroyed @Override public void onDestroy() { super.onDestroy(); try { // Remove the floating window from the screen windowManager.removeView(floatView); } catch (Exception e) { // Handle any potential errors e.printStackTrace(); } } } package org.geeksforgeeks.demo import android.annotation.SuppressLint import android.app.Service import android.content.Intent import android.graphics.PixelFormat import android.os.IBinder import android.text.Editable import android.text.TextWatcher import android.view.* import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager import android.widget.Button import android.widget.EditText import android.widget.Toast class FloatingWindowService : Service() { // Declare variables for views and WindowManager private lateinit var floatView: ViewGroup private lateinit var floatWindowLayoutParam: WindowManager.LayoutParams private lateinit var windowManager: WindowManager private lateinit var maximizeBtn: Button private lateinit var descEditArea: EditText private lateinit var saveBtn: Button // This method is required but not used in this Service override fun onBind(intent: Intent?): IBinder? = null // Service is created @SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility") override fun onCreate() { super.onCreate() // Get screen width and height in pixels val metrics = resources.displayMetrics val width = metrics.widthPixels val height = metrics.heightPixels // Get the WindowManager system service for handling windows on the screen windowManager = getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE) as WindowManager // Inflate the floating window layout using the LayoutInflater system service val inflater = getSystemService(LAYOUT_INFLATER_SERVICE) as LayoutInflater floatView = inflater.inflate(R.layout.floating_layout, null) as ViewGroup // Initialize the views from the layout file maximizeBtn = floatView.findViewById(R.id.buttonMaximize) descEditArea = floatView.findViewById(R.id.descEditText) saveBtn = floatView.findViewById(R.id.saveBtn) // Set the initial text in the EditText and place the cursor at the end descEditArea.apply { setText(Common.currentDesc) setSelection(text.length) // Hide the cursor initially isCursorVisible = false } // Set up the parameters for the floating window (size, position, etc.) floatWindowLayoutParam = WindowManager.LayoutParams( // Set width to 60% of screen width (width * 0.6f).toInt(), // Set height to 50% of screen height (height * 0.5f).toInt(), // Type for overlay window WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_APPLICATION_OVERLAY, // Make it not focusable WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE, // Set transparent background for the window PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT ).apply { // Position the window at the center of the screen gravity = Gravity.CENTER x = 0 y = 0 } // Add the floating view to the window using the WindowManager windowManager.addView(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam) // Set up a listener for the maximize button to stop the service and navigate to MainActivity maximizeBtn.setOnClickListener { stopSelf() // Stop the service windowManager.removeView(floatView) // Remove the floating window val backToHome = Intent(this, MainActivity::class.java).apply { addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK or Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_CLEAR_TASK) } startActivity(backToHome) } // Set up a TextWatcher to update the current description when the text changes descEditArea.addTextChangedListener(object : TextWatcher { override fun onTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int) { // Update the current description with the text in the EditText Common.currentDesc = descEditArea.text.toString() } override fun beforeTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, count: Int, after: Int) {} override fun afterTextChanged(s: Editable?) {} }) // Set up the touch listener for the floating window to allow dragging it around setupFloatingWindowMovement() // Set up a listener for the EditText to make the cursor visible when clicked descEditArea.setOnTouchListener { _, _ -> descEditArea.isCursorVisible = true // Make the cursor visible when touched floatWindowLayoutParam.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_TOUCH_MODAL or WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam) // Update the layout false } // Set up a listener for the save button to save the text and hide the soft keyboard saveBtn.setOnClickListener { // Save the text in the EditText to the Common object Common.savedDesc = descEditArea.text.toString() // Hide the cursor after saving descEditArea.isCursorVisible = false // Make the window non-interactive floatWindowLayoutParam.flags = WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam) val inputMethodManager = getSystemService(INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE) as InputMethodManager inputMethodManager.hideSoftInputFromWindow(floatView.windowToken, 0) Toast.makeText(this, "Text Saved!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show() } } // This method is responsible for handling the movement of the floating window @SuppressLint("ClickableViewAccessibility") private fun setupFloatingWindowMovement() { var initialX = 0.0 var initialY = 0.0 var initialTouchX = 0.0 var initialTouchY = 0.0 // Set a touch listener to detect dragging floatView.setOnTouchListener { _, event -> when (event.action) { MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN -> { // Record the initial position and touch points when the touch starts initialX = floatWindowLayoutParam.x.toDouble() initialY = floatWindowLayoutParam.y.toDouble() initialTouchX = event.rawX.toDouble() initialTouchY = event.rawY.toDouble() } MotionEvent.ACTION_MOVE -> { // Calculate the new position of the window based on the movement of the touch floatWindowLayoutParam.x = ((initialX + event.rawX) - initialTouchX).toInt() floatWindowLayoutParam.y = ((initialY + event.rawY) - initialTouchY).toInt() // Update the layout windowManager.updateViewLayout(floatView, floatWindowLayoutParam) } } false } } // This method is called when the service is destroyed override fun onDestroy() { super.onDestroy() try { // Remove the floating window from the screen windowManager.removeView(floatView) } catch (e: Exception) { // Handle any potential errors e.printStackTrace() } } }
Step 6: Working with MainActivity file
Navigate to the MainActivity file and make the following changes.
MainActivity.java package org.geeksforgeeks.demo; import android.app.ActivityManager; import android.content.Intent; import android.net.Uri; import android.os.Build; import android.os.Bundle; import android.provider.Settings; import android.text.Editable; import android.text.TextWatcher; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.Toast; import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts; import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog; import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity; public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { // Declare the UI components (buttons and edit text) private Button minimizeBtn; private EditText descEditArea; private Button save; // Register for result to handle overlay permission private final ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult overlayPermissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult(new ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult(), result -> { if (checkOverlayDisplayPermission()) { // If permission is granted, start the floating window service startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, FloatingWindowService.class)); finish(); // Close the current activity } else { // If permission is not granted, show a toast message Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Permission not granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } }); @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); // Initialize the UI components minimizeBtn = findViewById(R.id.buttonMinimize); descEditArea = findViewById(R.id.descEditText); save = findViewById(R.id.saveBtn); // Check if the floating window service is already running, and stop it if it is if (isServiceRunning(FloatingWindowService.class)) { stopService(new Intent(this, FloatingWindowService.class)); } // Set the text of the description edit text field from the Common.currentDesc variable descEditArea.setText(Common.currentDesc); // Move the cursor to the end of the text descEditArea.setSelection(descEditArea.getText().length()); // Add a TextWatcher to update Common.currentDesc whenever the text in the edit area changes descEditArea.addTextChangedListener(new TextWatcher() { @Override public void onTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int before, int count) { Common.currentDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString(); // Update the currentDesc variable } @Override public void beforeTextChanged(CharSequence s, int start, int count, int after) {} @Override public void afterTextChanged(Editable s) {} }); // Set an OnClickListener for the save button save.setOnClickListener(v -> { // Save the text from the edit area to the savedDesc variable Common.savedDesc = descEditArea.getText().toString(); // Remove focus from the edit text field and hide the cursor descEditArea.clearFocus(); descEditArea.setCursorVisible(false); // Show a toast message to notify the user that the text has been saved Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "Text Saved!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); }); // Set an OnClickListener for the minimize button minimizeBtn.setOnClickListener(v -> { // Check if overlay permission is granted if (checkOverlayDisplayPermission()) { // If permission is granted, start the floating window service and finish the activity startService(new Intent(MainActivity.this, FloatingWindowService.class)); finish(); } else { // If permission is not granted, request overlay permission requestOverlayDisplayPermission(); } }); } // Check if a service is currently running private boolean isServiceRunning(Class<?> serviceClass) { ActivityManager manager = (ActivityManager) getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE); // Check if the service is running using the deprecated method (for compatibility) @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") for (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service : manager.getRunningServices(Integer.MAX_VALUE)) { if (service.service.getClassName().equals(serviceClass.getName())) { return true; } } return false; } // Request the user to enable the "Display over other apps" permission from system settings private void requestOverlayDisplayPermission() { new AlertDialog.Builder(this) .setTitle("Screen Overlay Permission Needed") // Title of the dialog .setMessage("Enable 'Display over other apps' from System Settings.") // Message in the dialog .setCancelable(true) // Allow the dialog to be canceled .setPositiveButton("Open Settings", (dialog, which) -> { // If the user clicks "Open Settings", open the system settings for overlay permission Intent intent = new Intent(Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_OVERLAY_PERMISSION, Uri.parse("package:" + getPackageName())); overlayPermissionLauncher.launch(intent); // Launch the settings activity }) .show(); // Show the dialog } // Check if the app has the overlay permission private boolean checkOverlayDisplayPermission() { // If the SDK version is below Marshmallow (API 23), overlay permission is not needed return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M || Settings.canDrawOverlays(this); } } package org.geeksforgeeks.demo import android.app.ActivityManager import android.content.Intent import android.net.Uri import android.os.Build import android.os.Bundle import android.provider.Settings import android.text.Editable import android.text.TextWatcher import android.widget.Button import android.widget.EditText import android.widget.Toast import androidx.activity.result.contract.ActivityResultContracts import androidx.appcompat.app.AlertDialog import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() { // Declare the UI components (buttons and edit text) private lateinit var minimizeBtn: Button private lateinit var descEditArea: EditText private lateinit var save: Button // Register for result to handle overlay permission private val overlayPermissionLauncher = registerForActivityResult( ActivityResultContracts.StartActivityForResult() ) { if (checkOverlayDisplayPermission()) { // If permission is granted, start the floating window service startService(Intent(this, FloatingWindowService::class.java)) finish() // Close the current activity } else { // If permission is not granted, show a toast message Toast.makeText(this, "Permission not granted", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show() } } override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState) setContentView(R.layout.activity_main) // Initialize the UI components minimizeBtn = findViewById(R.id.buttonMinimize) descEditArea = findViewById(R.id.descEditText) save = findViewById(R.id.saveBtn) // Check if the floating window service is already running, and stop it if it is if (isServiceRunning(FloatingWindowService::class.java)) { stopService(Intent(this, FloatingWindowService::class.java)) } // Set the text of the description edit text field from the Common.currentDesc variable descEditArea.setText(Common.currentDesc) // Move the cursor to the end of the text descEditArea.setSelection(descEditArea.text.length) // Add a TextWatcher to update Common.currentDesc whenever the text in the edit area changes descEditArea.addTextChangedListener(object : TextWatcher { override fun onTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, before: Int, count: Int) { Common.currentDesc = descEditArea.text.toString() // Update the currentDesc variable } override fun beforeTextChanged(s: CharSequence?, start: Int, count: Int, after: Int) {} override fun afterTextChanged(s: Editable?) {} }) // Set an OnClickListener for the save button save.setOnClickListener { // Save the text from the edit area to the savedDesc variable Common.savedDesc = descEditArea.text.toString() // Remove focus from the edit text field and hide the cursor descEditArea.apply { clearFocus() isCursorVisible = false } // Show a toast message to notify the user that the text has been saved Toast.makeText(this, "Text Saved!", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show() } // Set an OnClickListener for the minimize button minimizeBtn.setOnClickListener { // Check if overlay permission is granted if (checkOverlayDisplayPermission()) { // If permission is granted, start the floating window service and finish the activity startService(Intent(this, FloatingWindowService::class.java)) finish() } else { // If permission is not granted, request overlay permission requestOverlayDisplayPermission() } } } // Check if a service is currently running private fun isServiceRunning(serviceClass: Class<*>): Boolean { val manager = getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE) as ActivityManager @Suppress("DEPRECATION") return manager.getRunningServices(Int.MAX_VALUE) .any { it.service.className == serviceClass.name } } // Request the user to enable the "Display over other apps" permission from system settings private fun requestOverlayDisplayPermission() { AlertDialog.Builder(this) .setTitle("Screen Overlay Permission Needed") // Title of the dialog .setMessage("Enable 'Display over other apps' from System Settings.") // Message in the dialog .setCancelable(true) // Allow the dialog to be canceled .setPositiveButton("Open Settings") { _, _ -> // If the user clicks "Open Settings", open the system settings for overlay permission val intent = Intent( Settings.ACTION_MANAGE_OVERLAY_PERMISSION, Uri.parse("package:$packageName") ) overlayPermissionLauncher.launch(intent) // Launch the settings activity } .show() // Show the dialog } // Check if the app has the overlay permission private fun checkOverlayDisplayPermission(): Boolean { // If the SDK version is below Marshmallow (API 23), overlay permission is not needed return Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.M || Settings.canDrawOverlays(this) } } Output:
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