Fleming’s Left Hand Rule and Fleming’s Right Hand Rule
Last Updated : 06 Oct, 2023
Fleming's Left-Hand Rule and Fleming's Right-Hand Rule are principles employed to ascertain the force's orientation experienced by a conductor carrying electric current when exposed to a magnetic field. These rules were provided by John Ambrose Fleming and form the basics of electromagnetism. Their primary purpose is to predict the direction of the force acting on a conductor in relation to the magnetic field and the current's flow.
Fleming's Left-Hand Rule (Motor Rule)
Fleming Provided two rules: one for motors and one for generators.
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Fleming's left hand ruleThis rule is used for determination of the force's direction on a conductor through which current passes, positioned within a magnetic field. Its primary utility lies in comprehending the functioning of electric motors.
Thumb: Align your thumb with the Force's (F) direction on the conductor.
First Finger: Indicate the direction of the Magnetic Field (B) using your first finger.
Second Finger: By holding your thumb and first finger at a right angle, the second finger indicates the Current's (I) direction flowing through the conductor.
Mathematically, the force can be computed using the formula:
F = BIL
F: Force experienced by the conductor (measured in Newtons)
B: Strength of the magnetic field (measured in Tesla)
I: Current passing through the conductor (measured in Amperes)
L: Length of the conductor within the magnetic field (measured in meters)
Example of Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
Question: A wire carrying a current of 5 A is placed in a magnetic field of 0.3 T directed upwards. The wire is oriented perpendicular to the magnetic field and points to the east. Using Fleming's left-hand rule, determine the direction of the force acting on the wire.
Solution:
According to Fleming's left-hand rule:
Thumb points in the direction of the Force (F)
First finger points in the direction of the Magnetic Field (B)
Second finger points in the direction of the Current (I)
Given:
Current (I) = 5 A (eastward)
Magnetic Field (B) = 0.3 T (upward)
Using the left-hand rule:
Point the first finger (B) upward.
Point the second finger (I) eastward.
The force (F) direction is indicated by the thumb, which points northward.
Answer: The force acting on the wire is directed northward.
Application of Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
A prominent application of Fleming's Left-Hand Rule lies in electric motors. By using this rule we can find out the direction in which motor is rotating when the current is flowing in presence of magnetic field. Its really important in making of motors and because of it motors can be designed for various purposes.
Advantages of Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
- Prognostic Precision: Fleming's Left-Hand Rule imparts a straightforward and dependable method to ascertain force direction, heightening the predictability of conductor behavior.
- Motor Ingenuity: Engineers can design and fabricate electric motors with meticulousness, ensuring optimal efficiency and performance.
- Pedagogical Efficacy: Its an interesting tool for students for understanding the basic electromagnetism in a very simplified way.
Disadvantages of Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
- Narrow Motor Scope: Fleming's Left-Hand Rule primarily aligns with electric motors, bypassing a more extensive spectrum of electromagnetic interactions.
- Balancing Simplicity and Complexity: While the rule streamlines comprehension, it might fall short of encapsulating intricate motor dynamics within complex systems.
Real Life Example of Fleming’s Left Hand Rule
Visualize an electric fan. As current courses through the motor's coils, inducing a magnetic field, Fleming's Left-Hand Rule aids in anticipating the rotational trajectory of the fan blades. This principle resonates similarly across devices such as conveyors, pumps, and fans.
Fleming's Right-Hand Rule (Generator Rule)
Fleming's Right hand ruleThis rule aids in establishing the direction of induced current or voltage in a conductor that moves across a magnetic field. It finds common application in understanding the operations of electric generators.
Thumb: Align your thumb with the Motion (M) direction of the conductor.
First Finger: Indicate the Magnetic Field's (B) direction using your first finger.
Second Finger: With your thumb and first finger forming a right angle, the second finger points to the direction of the Induced Current (I) or Voltage (V)
Example of Fleming's Right-Hand Rule
Question: A conductor is moved at a velocity of 2 m/s through a magnetic field of 0.5 T directed northward. The conductor is oriented perpendicular to the magnetic field. Use Fleming's right-hand rule to determine the direction of the induced current.
Solution:
According to Fleming's right-hand rule:
Thumb points in the direction of the Force (F) or Motion (V)
First finger points in the direction of the Magnetic Field (B)
Second finger points in the direction of the Induced Current (I)
Given:
Velocity (V) = 2 m/s
Magnetic Field (B) = 0.5 T (northward)
Using the right-hand rule:
Point the first finger (B) northward.
Point the thumb (V) in the direction of motion (2 m/s).
The second finger (I) will then point in the direction of the induced current.
Answer: The induced current flows in the upward direction.
Application of Fleming's Right-Hand Rule
The essence of Fleming's Right-Hand Rule finds embodiment in electric generators. Engineers adeptly leverage this rule to ascertain the direction of induced current within generator coils, facilitating the proficient conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy.
Advantages of Fleming's Right-Hand Rule
- Induction Anticipation: Fleming's Right-Hand Rule empowers engineers with predictive insights into induced current direction, streamlining generator design and operation.
- Energy Metamorphosis: As we know how important the power generation globally, Its the rule which play a really important role in power generation through generators.
Disadvantages of Fleming's Right-Hand Rule
- Generator-Centric: Analogous to its counterpart, Fleming's Right-Hand Rule is delimited to generators, leaving gaps in the broader electromagnetic panorama.
- Intricacies of Complex Systems: In intricate setups, the rule might neglect certain subtleties of induced current behavior.
Illustrative Examples
Imagine a manual flashlight powered by hand-cranking. As the internal magnet traverses the flashlight's coil, Fleming's Right-Hand Rule provides insights into the generated electric current's direction. This principal works in a similar manner in various scenarios such as encompassing wind turbines, hydroelectric generators, and bicycle dynamos.
Difference Between Fleming’s Left-Hand and Right-Hand Rule
|
| Purpose | Used to determine the direction of the magnetic field around a current-carrying conductor. | Used to determine the direction of the force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. |
| Input Parameters | Thumb - Represents the direction of the current. Forefinger - Represents the direction of the magnetic field. Middle finger - Represents the direction of the force (if any). | Thumb - Represents the direction of the force (on the conductor). Forefinger - Represents the direction of the magnetic field. Middle finger - Represents the direction of the current (in the conductor). |
| Application | Used when you want to find the magnetic field produced by a current. | Used when you want to find the direction of force on a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. |
| Conductor Orientation | Applied to a single current-carrying conductor. | Applied to a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field. |
| Motion of Conductor | Determines the magnetic field's direction created by the current. | Determines the direction of the force experienced by the conductor. |
| Common Applications | Electrical engineers use it in designing circuits and analyzing current flow in wires. | Used in physics and engineering to determine the direction of forces acting on current-carrying conductors (e.g., electric motors, generators). |
| Magnetic Field Direction | Determines the direction of the magnetic field produced by the current. | Determines the direction of the magnetic field that the conductor is placed in. |
| Force Direction | Not applicable. It doesn't determine the force on a conductor. | Determines the direction of the force acting on a current-carrying conductor. |
Conclusion
Hence we can conclude that Fleming's right and left hand rule stand as fundamental principal in form of electromagnetism as they draw relationship between magnetic fields, currents, and forces in various electrical and magnetic systems. Engineers use these tools for designing powerful devices and physicist use these rule for researches in electromagnetic fields Fleming's Left-Hand Rule, which involves the arrangement of the thumb, forefinger, and middle finger, assists in determining the direction of magnetic fields produced by current-carrying conductors. Conversely, Fleming's Right-Hand Rule, with a similar finger arrangement but a distinct focus on force, reveals the direction of forces acting on current-carrying conductors within magnetic fields
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