| Political executives make decisions on the policies ( in the areas of Health, Finance, and Education) and frameworks of the state government. | Permanent Executives assist the political executives in making decisions and implementing government policies. |
| A Political Executive is also called a People's Representative. | Permanent executives are also called Civil Servants for the long term. Civil servants include IAS, IPS, The domestic , IFS, IRS, etc. |
| They are elected by the people of the nation and hence they are responsible for the people. | They are appointed by the President of the Country to serve under the political administration. |
| They make all major decisions on Foreign policy and domestic policy. The domestic policy includes changes in Labor and Education, tax systems, minimum wage policies related to business, etc. | They have less power in taking decisions, rather they assist the political executives in policy making or implementation at the lower level. |
| They do not have authority over Permanent Executive, as these are appointed by the President for its fixed term. | They do not have power over a political executive as they work under their ministry or departments. |
| They are accountable for the functioning of their government and its policies. They also decide where to build hospitals, roads, schools, run, etc. | They serve as a bridge between the political executive and their departments so that they will have an idea of what is going on in various ministries’ departments. |
| Since they are elected by the people, they make decisions on behalf of the people in implementing the policies. | Comparatively, we can observe that they are more powerful than political executives, as these are the ones who make all the policies and are later implemented by political executives. |
| There will be a change in the social environment with each term change in government. | They still remain in office even though the ruling government changes as their term is fixed. |
| They are the policymakers and lawmakers of the government. | These executives have higher responsibility and authority than political executives. |
| They are accountable for implementing basic values of a nation such as Equality, Justice, and Liberty. | They are not answerable to people. They are the most powerful executives who work as secretaries to Governors and Ministers who run departments under their control. |