DecimalField - Django Models
Last Updated : 12 Feb, 2020
DecimalField is a field which stores a fixed-precision decimal number, represented in Python by a
Decimal instance. It validates the input using
DecimalValidator.
Syntax field_name = models.DecimalField(max_digits=None, decimal_places=None, **options)
DecimalField has the following required arguments -
DecimalField.max_digits
The maximum number of digits allowed in the number. Note that this number must be greater than or equal to decimal_places.DecimalField.decimal_places
The number of decimal places to store with the number.
For example, to store numbers up to 999 with a resolution of 2 decimal places, you’d use:
models.DecimalField(..., max_digits=5, decimal_places=2)
And to store numbers up to approximately one billion with a resolution of 10 decimal places:
models.DecimalField(..., max_digits=19, decimal_places=10)
Django Model DecimalField Explanation
Illustration of DecimalField using an Example. Consider a project named
geeksforgeeks having an app named
geeks.
Refer to the following articles to check how to create a project and an app in Django.
Enter the following code into
models.py file of
geeks app.
Python3 from django.db import models from django.db.models import Model # Create your models here. class GeeksModel(Model): geeks_field = models.DecimalField( max_digits = 5, decimal_places = 2)
Add the geeks app to
INSTALLED_APPS Python3 # Application definition INSTALLED_APPS = [ 'django.contrib.admin', 'django.contrib.auth', 'django.contrib.contenttypes', 'django.contrib.sessions', 'django.contrib.messages', 'django.contrib.staticfiles', 'geeks', ]
Now when we run
makemigrations command from the terminal,
Python manage.py makemigrations
A new folder named migrations would be created in
geeks directory with a file named
0001_initial.py Python3 # Generated by Django 2.2.5 on 2019-09-25 06:00 from django.db import migrations, models class Migration(migrations.Migration): initial = True dependencies = [ ] operations = [ migrations.CreateModel( name ='GeeksModel', fields =[ ('id', models.AutoField( auto_created = True, primary_key = True, serialize = False, verbose_name ='ID' )), ('geeks_field', models.DecimalField( max_digits = 5, decimal_places = 2 )), ], ), ] Now run,
Python manage.py migrate
Thus, an
geeks_field DecimalField is created when you run migrations on the project. It is a field to store
datetime.date python object.
How to use DecimalField ?
DecimalField is used for storing python datetime.date instance in the database. One can store any type of decimal number in the database. Let's try storing a decimal number in the model created above.
Python3 1== # importing the model # from geeks app from geeks.models import GeeksModel # importing datetime module import decimal # creating an instance of # datetime.date d = decimal.Decimal(9.53) # creating an instance of # GeeksModel geek_object = GeeksModel.objects.create(geeks_field = d) geek_object.save()
Now let's check it in admin server. We have created an instance of GeeksModel.
Field Options
Field Options are the arguments given to each field for applying some constraint or imparting a particular characteristic to a particular Field. For example, adding an argument
null = True to DecimalField will enable it to store empty values for that table in relational database. Here are the field options and attributes that a DecimalField can use.
| Field Options | Description |
| Null | If True, Django will store empty values as NULL in the database. Default is False. |
| Blank | If True, the field is allowed to be blank. Default is False. |
| db_column | The name of the database column to use for this field. If this isn’t given, Django will use the field’s name. |
| Default | The default value for the field. This can be a value or a callable object. If callable it will be called every time a new object is created. |
| help_text | Extra “help” text to be displayed with the form widget. It’s useful for documentation even if your field isn’t used on a form. |
| primary_key | If True, this field is the primary key for the model. |
| editable | If False, the field will not be displayed in the admin or any other ModelForm. They are also skipped during model validation. Default is True. |
| error_messages | The error_messages argument lets you override the default messages that the field will raise. Pass in a dictionary with keys matching the error messages you want to override. |
| help_text | Extra “help” text to be displayed with the form widget. It’s useful for documentation even if your field isn’t used on a form. |
| verbose_name | A human-readable name for the field. If the verbose name isn’t given, Django will automatically create it using the field’s attribute name, converting underscores to spaces. |
| validators | A list of validators to run for this field. See the validators documentation for more information. |
| Unique | If True, this field must be unique throughout the table. |
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