Clock Skew in synchronous digital circuit systems Last Updated : 22 Dec, 2022 Comments Improve Suggest changes Like Article Like Report In Synchronous circuits where all the logic elements share the same clock signal, it becomes imperative to design these elements as close to the clock source as possible because a system-on-chip, FPGA, CPLD contain Billions of transistors. Even though these distances are minute due to their sheer number there is a propagation delay which leads to the clock signal arriving at different parts of the chip at different times. This is called Clock Skew. In Digital Circuit Design a ” Sequentially Adjacent ” circuit is one where if a pulse emitted from a common source is supposed to arrive at the same time. Using this definition we can write a mathematical expression for clock skew as Sequentially Adjacent Circuit Non-Sequentially Adjacent Circuit. Ta(Time of arrival of clock pulse at component a) Tb(Time of arrival of clock pulse at component b) Then, Clock skew Ts = Ta - Tb Factors causing Clock Skew : Interconnect Length Temperature Variations Capacitive Coupling Material Imperfections Differences in input capacitance on the clock inputs Types of Clock Skew : Positive Skew - This occurs when the receiving register receives the clock pulse later than it is required. Negative Skew - This occurs when the receiving register receives the clock pulse earlier than required. Types of Clock Skews Comment More infoAdvertise with us Next Article Clock Skew in synchronous digital circuit systems S shridharnator Follow Improve Article Tags : Digital Logic Similar Reads Synchronous Sequential Circuits in Digital Logic Synchronous sequential circuits are digital circuits that use clock signals to determine the timing of their operations. They are commonly used in digital systems to implement timers, counters, and memory elements.What is Sequential Circuit?A sequential circuit is a digital circuit, whose output dep 5 min read Synchronous Series Carry Counter Synchronous Series Carry Counter is such a synchronous counter where inputs of flip-flops are connected in such a manner that only those flip-flops that are toggle on a given clock will have input value as the logic 1. The advantage of this counter is that it reduces the decoding error. Block Diagra 2 min read Design Mod - N synchronous Counter The value of N can be different from power of 2. Also, the counting sequence may be random for example some cyclic code (8421, 2423 etc). The following method is applied for designing for mod N and any counting sequence. Design for Mod-N counter :The steps for the design are - Step 1 : Decision for 3 min read 3 bit Synchronous Down Counter Prerequisite : Counter , Synchronous counter. 3 bit Synchronous Down Counter : In synchronous counter clock is provided to all the flip-flops simultaneously.Circuit becomes complex as the number of states increases.Speed is high. Design : The steps involves in design are 1. Decide the number of Flip 2 min read n-bit Johnson Counter in Digital Logic Prerequisite - Counters Johnson counter also known as creeping counter, is an example of synchronous counter. In Johnson counter, the complemented output of last flip flop is connected to input of first flip flop and to implement n-bit Johnson counter we require n flip-flop. It is one of the most im 5 min read Like